What generally decreases in a person as they age?

As a person ages, one of the most notable changes is a decrease in aerobic capacity. Aerobic capacity refers to the ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to the muscles during sustained physical activity. This decline occurs due to various factors, including a reduction in maximum heart rate, decreased lung capacity, and diminishing efficiency of the heart and blood vessels.

While muscle strength and coordination may also decline with age, this decrease is often more pronounced in aerobic performance metrics. Body fat levels can vary based on lifestyle, but many individuals tend to gain fat as they age due to factors like a sedentary lifestyle and metabolic changes, making aerobic capacity the most consistent decline associated with aging. Understanding these physiological changes can help educators develop appropriate physical activity programs that cater to the needs of older adults, emphasizing cardiovascular health and endurance.